Tampa and Charlotte Fortify in Advance of Political Conventions

By Kim Severson, The New York Times

09 August 12

Also see below: Tampa in Lockdown - Because the Republican Convention Is Coming

he variety of demonstrators planning to invade this Southern city for the Democratic National Convention is wide and deep.

When the party gathers on Sept. 4, both anarchists bent on bringing down government and radical evangelical groups bearing down on homosexuals and abortion doctors will be here.

In between, others will protest a range of issues that includes war, increases in college costs, immigration reform, labor practices, antigay laws, the nation's policies on marijuana and the jailing of a soldier accused of leaking classified material.

There will be the "UndocuBus," filled with illegal immigrants, and the Values Bus, sponsored by the Family Research Council and the Heritage Foundation.

Counting a Muslim day of prayer that begins before the convention starts and a conservative country music concert and rally that starts a day after President Obama is expected to accept the nomination on Sept. 6, the numbers of people showing up to protest in Charlotte will most likely be in the tens of thousands.

Even with 6,000 delegates and another 30,000 estimated associated visitors, it will not be the largest gathering ever in this city of 760,000, but it certainly promises to be the most difficult to manage.

"We have not seen anything like this, no," said Carol Jennings, the city's liaison to the convention. In true Southern fashion, she added, "We welcome all our visitors."

But it won't be all barbecue and bourbon. The city will spend $50 million in federal money on security, the same amount the Republicans gathering in Tampa, Fla., have received. It will be used to hire as many as 3,400 officers from outside departments, build about five miles of nine-foot fencing and pay for, among other things, steel barriers strong enough to stop a 15,000-pound vehicle traveling 30 miles per hour.

The city is also relying on a recent law that gives its manager the power to declare a large-scale gathering an "extraordinary event." When that happens, a section of the city is marked off and the police have wide powers to search and possibly arrest people in that zone who carry items capable of hiding weapons or inflicting injury.

On the long list are backpacks, hammers, coolers, chains, glass bottles and water guns known as Super Soakers. Face-concealing scarves could also be tagged.

Since the law was put into place in January, the city has used it a handful of times, including the annual shareholders' meetings for Duke Energy and Bank of America and for Speed Street, a May street party featuring Nascar drivers and food booths that in 2011 resulted in more than 100 arrests. The police said arrests were down by half this year.

On Wednesday, the city and the Secret Service announced the perimeters of the security zone, which covers about 60 percent of the city's Uptown commercial district and dips south to cover the special areas the city has set aside for protesters.

The extraordinary events measure has rankled enough people that the city offered reassurances in a news release.

"For example," it said, "residents will be able to walk their dog within the extraordinary event boundaries without fear of arrest."

People were not appeased.

"We've never had anything of this caliber, and they didn't know how to handle it so they over-handled it," said Timeka Moore, 24, a waitress at a Mexican restaurant who has to travel through Uptown to get to her job.

Tampa has its own version of an event zone, and both cities have grappled with trying to prevent concealed weapons inside them despite state laws that allow people to carry permitted weapons. They have also set up special protest and parade areas, even providing a stage and microphones for demonstrators.

In both cities, people organizing protests have criticized the areas as being too far from the action, too restrictive and not particularly comfortable or conducive for expressing opinion to the people attending the convention, although city officials say the areas and the permitting process meet legal standards for such public expression developed after protests in other cities.

Not so, says Michael Zytkow of Occupy Charlotte. The security zone covers "every part of Uptown that anyone would normally walk through," he said. And the area set aside for the so-called free speech zone is so remote "we're calling it a parking lot tour," he said.

Having free speech zones implies the rest of the city is not, critics say. Issuing permits for people to protest and using special event zones as a regular part of convention business concern some who believe such controls border on selective oppression of free speech.

"The biggest problem is the use of seemingly neutral laws to control protests to restrict certain kind of protests or keep inconvenient protests out of the public eye," said Gabe Rottman, a policy adviser and legislative counsel for the American Civil Liberties Union. "How they are going to use these laws is absolutely of concern."

A similar law was used at the 2008 Democratic convention in Denver. That convention, as well as the Republican convention in St. Paul, were marred by hundreds of arrests and violence and resulted in a series of lawsuits over the government's attempts to investigate protest groups and its use of arrests to quell demonstrations and journalists covering them.

All of which party and city officials have on their minds.

"It has been a growing issue for folks every four years," said Stephen Kerrigan, chief executive of the Democratic National Convention Committee, who also ran the event in Boston in 2004. "Our approach from the very beginning has been about increasing the engagement of people all across the board."

Unlike Tampa, two major events in Charlotte - a kickoff festival and the final speech by President Obama at the Bank of America Stadium - will be open to the public, he said.

By many accounts, the crowds could be greater here than in Tampa, too.

For one thing, Charlotte will have a sitting president. And it is the second-largest banking city in the nation, home to Bank of America and the East Coast division of Wells Fargo - a designation that is driving at least 80 national groups, many from the Occupy movement and organized loosely as the Coalition to March on Wall Street South, to show up for a Sept. 2 protest.

Conversely, conservative Christians are planning a conference called Charlotte714, a reference to a biblical passage that promises God will forgive sins if people turn from their "wicked ways." An estimated 40 churches will gather in the 20,000-seat Verizon Wireless Amphitheater the night before the convention for a church service.

That event is being organized by David and Jason Benham, twin sons of Flip Blenham, a well-known antigay and anti-abortion protester whom the city has battled in court over public assembly, noise and picketing regulations.

"In many ways, both Flip and the Occupy movement in Charlotte were really good preparation for the D.N.C.," said Robert E. Hagemann, the city attorney. "Legally, I'm totally unconcerned. From a policy standpoint, we have to make sure we respect different perspectives."

For some residents who plan to have nothing to do with the convention, however, the tightening of security has gone too far.

"It seems like they are going to turn it into a concentration camp around here," said Malachi El-Bui, 56, who moved to Charlotte from New York City several years ago. "They act like we are the ones to arrest. They're talking about we can't have backpacks or they could arrest us? They're tripping."

Tampa in Lockdown - Because the Republican Convention Is Coming

By David Usborne, The Independent UK

09 August 12

he Secret Service, the FBI and the local police forces are in the final highly discreet phases of buttoning down the city of Tampa, Florida, ahead of the Republican National Convention with protester violence and a possible attack by terrorists topping their list of concerns.

Beyond the gaze of residents and downtown businesses, multiple steps are being taken to ensure the gathering, which will see Mitt Romney accepted as his party's presidential nominee, passes off without serious incident, whether that be the spraying of policemen with human excrement by anarchists or the detonation of a suicide bomb in the harbour. The arrangements are robbing people like Ken Jones, the chief executive of the Tampa Host Committee, of a lot of sleep. Partly it's just logistical challenges, like how to house the 16,000 journalists expected here for the week of 27 August - almost the same number credentialled to cover the Olympics.

But security trumps all. It is why last Wednesday fork-lift driving federal agents began to push floating booms threaded with steel cables into Tampa Harbour for deployment across inlets and channels to block possible incursions by small boats with bad intentions. That same afternoon, port officials huddled to discuss stopping stockpiles of anhydrous ammonia in Tampa Port falling into the wrong hands while elsewhere city leaders met with a Secret Service convention task force to hear about potential threats to the safety of delegates as well as response planning. The latter, one senior source confirmed anonymously, includes the placement of missile launchers on buildings, as has been the case for London.

"I don't envy them," said Greg Celestan, a retired Lt-Gen, who now runs an overseas intelligence consulting firm, Celestar. Tampa, which is home both to US Central Command and Special Operations Com-mand on MacDill Air Force Base inside the city limits, would present a tempting target, he said.

The proximity of the convention venue, the Tampa Forum, to one of the harbour's channels concerns Mr Jones more than anything else. "Imagine a big speedboat barrelling up the channel packed with explosives at 60mph," he said gravely. "It would be a horrible thing."

The Mayor of Tampa, Bob Buckhorn, a Democrat, is less concerned with boats filled with dynamite than with protesters. And come they will, perhaps as many as 10,000 of them, according to the city's own estimates. This is the age of Occupy Wall Street and few politicians personify the "1 per cent" more neatly than Mr Romney, who co-founded Bain Capital.

"We are in one of the worst recessions we have experienced," the Mayor said. "There is a lot resent out there, a lot of discontent and the combustible nature of these events has been fuelled by all of that."

To keep smashed windows and bloodied noses off our televisions screens he is reinforcing his own police department with 3,000 additional officers from across the state.

Meanwhile, protest groups, including Occupy, will be allowed to demonstrate within sight of the Forum but only within fenced-off "viewing areas" or pens.

While Mr Buckhorn insists he wants to give "everyone with an alternative point of view the opportunity to express it", he says he has to strike a balance between free speech and preventing disorder.

The mere mention of the 1968 Democratic Convention in Chicago, where anti-Vietnam protesters clashed with police for several days, makes him recoil. "That will not happen. I am not going to give orders to shoot to kill, for starters," he said, referring to the situation in 1968.

The city is, however, ready to incarcerate any unruly protesters in a facility at the Orient Road Jail on the eastern outskirts of town. About 800 arrests were made at the Republican Convention four years ago in St Paul, Minnesota. Tampa, if necessary, will be able to process up to 1,700 people under arrest.

Secret Service security plans include missile launchers placed on buildings, much like London.